一种适合焊接专机的激光焊缝跟踪应用

作者：褚东志,陈志翔* 日期：2010-11-15/span> 浏览：3445 查看PDF文档

一种适合焊接专机的激光焊缝跟踪应用
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褚东志,陈志翔*

（北京工业大学 机械工程与应用电子技术学院，北京 100124）
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摘要：为确保焊接过程中焊枪始终沿焊缝运动，提升焊接质量，采用基于主动视觉传感技术的新一代激光视觉传感器实时采集焊缝轮廓的图像，由传感器控制柜按在PC界面上选定的算法进行图像处理与特征识别，提取焊缝跟踪点的位置坐标，并根据标定的参考位置和预设的比例关系转化为模拟电压量输出，进而驱动十字滑台上的伺服电机带动焊枪做出相应的纠偏动作。可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）被用来实现焊枪初始定位、滑台的手动控制与自动跟踪模式切换、安全互锁等功能。最终建立了一套适用于焊接专机的焊缝自动跟踪应用系统。实验结果表明，该系统安全实用，具备了良好的实时跟踪能力。
关键词：焊缝跟踪；激光视觉；焊接；可编程逻辑控制器
中图分类号：TH39;TG409
文献标识码：A文章编号：1001-4551(2010)09-0023-04

Application of laser seam tracking for special welding machine
CHU Dong-zhi, CHEN Zhi-xiang
(College of Mechanical Engineering & Applied Electronics Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)
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Abstract: To ensure welding gun move along seam during welding process and improve weld quality, a new kind laser vision sensor based on active vision technology was used to acquire the image of joint profile. The vision controller processed the image and recognized the joint character with the algorithm selected on PC interface. Then it outputted the analog signal according to the calibrated reference position and the preset proportion. The servo motor fixed on cross slide table was driven to correct welding gun position. Programmable logic controller(PLC) was employed for setting the welding gun at the right initial position, switching the manual-control and auto-tracking mode, dealing safety interlock, and so on. A set of auto-tracking application system for special welding machine was established. The test results indicate that the special system with good tracking performance is practical and secure.
Key words: seam tracking; laser vision; welding; programmable logic controller(PLC)